Influence of Tv Violence to the Behavior Essay Example for Free

Influence of Tv Violence to the Behavior Essay Thus, the influence of TV violence to the children particularly in the Cebu can cause negative changes in their behavior. An experiment shows that children when exposed to televised violence, exhibited the aggressive behavior they have observed – hitting, kicking and using hostile language. Prior to that time, the prevailing theory was that televised violence drained aggressive impulses. This is also the reason why television has become a growing source of parental anxiety where parents worry about the amount and kinds of program their children watch. This study aims to talk about TV violence and its effects on the behavior of the children and the ways to handle it. In order to achieve this goal, this paper is organized into three sections. The first section helps us know about the children’s understanding of television. The second section discusses the influence and effects of TV violence to the behavior of Filipino children which is the main concern of this study. And the third section offers suggestions in handling and regulating TV violence. Chapter II Presentation of Data Children’s Understanding of TV According to research, before age seven, children have difficulty integrating separate scenes into a continuous story line. Instead, they treat each scene as an isolated incident and are unable to relate a TV characters behavior to its prior motives and eventual consequences. Thus, young children cannot see the connection between violence and its consequences if the perpetrator of violence gets to be punished only at the end of the program. Studies show that young children recall little information that is central to the plot of a story. Their difficulty ranges from their inability to differentiate what is essential to the plot and what is nonessential. Character actions, especially those showing physical actions and confrontations, are remembered better than scenes offering explanations for their actions. Children find it hard to recall scenes recounting inner feelings that explain previous events. Young children also have a hard time distinguishing make-believe from reality. A five-year-old child wondered why an actor who died in one TV program came back to life in another show; and if Superman can fly, why cant he (the child) even if he wears a Superman cape. Children observe that cartoon characters manage to recover from severe violent acts almost immediately. This kind of exposure could lead them to interpret that in real life, people who are victims of violent acts do not really get hurt at all. A conversation between an author and a six-year-old clearly illustrates the kind of message a child gets from a cartoon program: Why is GI Joe your favorite show? Because it has a lot of fighting. Who would you like to be like when you grow up? I want to be like Rambo because he has a big gun. What happens to the bad guys you shoot? They die. And what happens to you? Nothing. Young children who watch a lot of television tend to believe that it is all right to hit someone if one is angry and have a good reason. (Source: http://www. childprotection. org. ph) Influence and Effects of TV Violence Upon meeting Snow White at Disneyland, a preschooler said to her, Youre not Snow White, you know. Why do you say that? asked Snow White. Well, th e child replied, if you were real, youd be a cartoon. And this is how powerful the media is in shaping childrens images of reality. (http://www. stanford. edu/dept/bingschool/research_dsl_1999bandura. html) The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 4 Child psychologists point out that it is a misconception to consider cartoons as harmless just because they are funny. The theme of cartoons such as Popeye is that any problem can be solved by brute force which one acquires by eating spinach. In being funny and fast paced, cartoons may tend to reduce a childs perception of danger, pain, and suffering. TV violence can produce at least four effects. First, it teaches aggressive styles of conduct. Second, it weakens restraints against aggression by glamorizing violence. When good triumphs over evil violently, viewers are even more strongly influenced. Third, it habituates and desensitizes reactions to cruelty. And finally, it shapes our images of reality; for example, only 10% of major crimes in society are violent, but on TV, 77% of major crimes are violent, which has the effect of making people more fearful of becoming crime victims. Psychologist have speculated that watching televised violence might be emotionally arousing, making it more likely that viewers will react violently to frustrations in the environment. Televised violence might also provide models that viewers imitate, particularly if the violence is carried out by attractive, powerful models (Bernstein, et al, 284). The Social Learning Theory considers that people learn from one another, including such concepts as observational learning, imitation, and modeling. The ten-year old boy, Sergio Pelico who died after watching Saddam’s execution in TV must have imitated it. (Lucas, et al, 103) This theory together with other theories was used to explain a great many social problems such as crime, suicide, divorce and alcoholism. Furthermore, there are some people who could easily be influenced by propaganda and they would through themselves into new mass organizations in an effort to find some sense of belongingness. Stark, 21) The mass media especially the television, also contributes heavily to adolescent nonconformity in three ways. First, they stereotype all adolescents whose grooming and clothing do not reflect approved adult standards as nonconformists and attribute the behavior characteristic of nonconformity to them. If society labels its adolescents as â€Å"teen-agers† and expe cts them to be rebellious, unpredictable, sloppy, and wild in their behavior, and if the picture is repeatedly reinforced by the mass media such cultural expectations may very well force adolescents into the role of rebel. The mass media contribute to adolescent nonconformity by making real life appear unsatisfying and dull. (Hurlock, 124) A survey was conducted concerning the influence and effects of TV violence to the behavior of the children in Cebu City. The survey aims to know how children are linked to television and how it affects them and their parents. The results of the survey are shown on the next pages. . Survey results The percentage of the parents’ answers based on the following questions: Question # 1: Does your child love to watch suspense movies that involve killing? Question # 2: Does your child watch television for more than 8 hours? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 7 Question # 3: Are you worried about the kinds of television program that they watch? Question #4: Have you noticed any negative changes in your child’s behavior after watching television? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 8 Question #5: Does your child spend more time watching television than other necessary things like studying? Question # 6: Do they pay more attention to the television than to you? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 9 The survey shows that most children pay more attention to the television than to their parents. A mother even commented, â€Å"Maayo pa sauna nga wala pay TV kay ang mga bata buotan† (It was better before the television came because children are still kind and obedient). Most children that are 8-12 years old spend more time in front the TV than doing other necessary things like studying. And what’s the bad thing is that if children are used to watching television, they will be exposed to violence that might influence their behavior. Although not all children are watching television for more than 8 hours, the effects of television are still prone to children. Some parents even admitted that they have observed some negative changes in their child’s behavior after watching a television show that has some bad scenes in it since children tend to imitate the things they have seen from the show without knowing that it might be wrong. Several scholars have pointed out that as media content has increased in violence in the past few decades, violent crimes among youth have declined rapidly. Although most scholars caution that this decline cannot be attributed to a causal effect, they conclude that this observation argues against causal harmful effects for media violence. Regulating TV Violence Parents worry about the kinds of television programs that their children watch. The urgency and seriousness of this issue on media violence has reached global proportions. A worldwide concern has prompted parents, educators, advocacy groups, and mental health professionals to launch protest activities and public discussions on how children can be protected against harmful media influences. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 10 A number of bills were filed to mitigate the negative effects of televised violence. House Bill 19183 proposes a ratings system for TV programs. House Bill 10183 provides that cartoons featuring violence and unethical conduct should be aired only during times when young children are not usually watching. The Kapisanan ng Mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas has its code and internal guidelines. Relevant sections pertaining to responsibility towards children are: Childrens programs shall not present violence, whether physical or psychological, as a means to resolve conflicts and problems. Childrens programs shall not emphasize perverted sex and undue violence. Penalties have been stipulated for violations of these rules. These include fines ranging from P5, 000 to P15, 000, suspension of KBP privileges, expulsion from KBP membership, to recommendation to the National Telecommunications Commission for suspension of station lease for the fourth offense. Consequently, The Department of Education are monitoring television channels through a project aimed at reducing violent content that might be watched by children. The campaign involves TV shows between 6 a. m. and 10 a. m. , which the DepEd claims to be the period where more children watch TV. Their goal is to have stations comply by reducing violent or vulgar shows by as much as 20 percent. The campaign also encourages parents and concerned citizens to send reports or file complaints to NCCT regarding TV shows that may be harmful for children. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 11 Television is not merely bad since it is used as a means of communication and as a means of educating but what makes it wrong is the way people abuse its use and the way some of them used television to expose violent actions without even thinking how it could affect the viewers. The effects of TV violence are no doubt harmful especially to children. These may cause negative changes in their behavior one of which is being aggressive. That is why children should be guided by their parents or guardians so that will not be influenced by the words they hear and the things they see. When viewing together, they can discuss how the conflict could have been solved without the violence. They should explain to the child how violence in entertainment is faked and not real. Such interventions, whether at the personal or family level can moderate the impact of violent scenes on children. Adult explanation improves childrens understanding of plots, characters, and events. Co-viewing with children can provide occasions for parents to discuss values, beliefs, and moral issues. Parents should also set clear guidelines on the time and length of television viewing. Perhaps the most effective approach in dealing with this problem of television violence should be systemic and multilevelchanges must take place at the home, school, and industry levels. Though researches have all pointed to the association between televised violence and aggression in children, what a child learns from television may be a product of the broader relationship among medium, child, and parent Thus, active, responsible parental involvement in the childs television viewing does make a great difference. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 12 Chapter III Conclusion Television has become a potent agency of socialization because like the family, school, and peers, it directly provides the child with experiences which shape their attitudes and influence their behaviors. Children that are exposed to TV violence can experience negative changes in their behavior. First, it can teach aggressive styles of conduct. Second, it weakens restraints against aggression by glamorizing violence. Third, it habituates and desensitizes reactions to cruelty. And finally, it shapes our images of reality. In order to handle this, a number of bills were filed to mitigate the negative effects of televised violence. Parents can also encourage their children to find pleasure in other mass media, such as books and newspapers. Perhaps the most appropriate solution in dealing with this must take place at home, school and industry. Thus, active, responsible parental guidance is very necessary. The power to initiate change for the prevention of the harmful effects of TV violence should come from the market not a market that passively laps up unhealthy and disturbing programs that assault young, sensitive minds, but a market that is critical, enlightened, and imbued with a strong resolve to protect childrens well-being and right to wholesome entertainment. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 13 Chapter 1V Bibliography Books Lucas, Maria Rita and Corpuz, Brenda. Facilitating Learning: A Metacognitive Process. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc. , 2007. Stark, Rodney.

The Cold War :: American America History

The Cold War A war that has created controversy amongst two of the greatest world leaders, United States of America and The Soviet Union, is known as The Cold War. A dispute between once allied countries arose in the Post-WWII era. The United States and the Allied Powers faced many challenges at the end of WWII. America's policy was one that contained the spread of communism in Eastern Europe. Russia, under Lenin's rule called for a world revolution and brought the United States into it. It was not until after WWII, that the cold war really began, when the political power of the world shifted from the center of Europe to Moscow and Washington. The Cold War began after the collapse of Germany in May 1945(http://www.coldwar.org/indexrus.html). The creation of the cold war came from the disagreements for postwar Europe and the Far East. Each superpower, the United States, Britain, France and Russia had their own idea of how postwar Europe should look, and many of their ideas clashed. The Cold War arose not from one isolated event, but from the different ideologies and interests between the Soviet Union and the west. Also the Russian government was seeking revenge on the United States because the United States did not enter the war effort soon enough and that caused for more Russian casualties. After WWII After WWII, Germany was divided into four zones and occupied by Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Berlin itself was occupied by the western powers; however, it was surrounded by the Soviet zone. Between 1947 and 1948 cooperation between these powers broke down. The west decided to create a separate government in their zones. To prevent this, the Soviet's increasingly harassed the western traffic to and from Berlin. Russia was trying to spread communism, abolish democracies, and spread poverty. Thus creating the Berlin Blockade, which forced America to create the Berlin Airlift. This created a greater controversy between the United States. This controversy's caused spies to enter into the opposition's country. Russia V.S. United States The most visible part of the cold war was the arms race. Massive and expensive militarization movements, especially nuclear weaponry on the part of both nations involved caused a new psychology to develop. The theory of total destruction of the other country was based on three ideas. One: both nations have enough weapons do destroy the other, two: both nations can detect a first strike before it arrives, and three: both nations are able to respond adequately before they are hit by the first strike. The Cold War :: American America History The Cold War A war that has created controversy amongst two of the greatest world leaders, United States of America and The Soviet Union, is known as The Cold War. A dispute between once allied countries arose in the Post-WWII era. The United States and the Allied Powers faced many challenges at the end of WWII. America's policy was one that contained the spread of communism in Eastern Europe. Russia, under Lenin's rule called for a world revolution and brought the United States into it. It was not until after WWII, that the cold war really began, when the political power of the world shifted from the center of Europe to Moscow and Washington. The Cold War began after the collapse of Germany in May 1945(http://www.coldwar.org/indexrus.html). The creation of the cold war came from the disagreements for postwar Europe and the Far East. Each superpower, the United States, Britain, France and Russia had their own idea of how postwar Europe should look, and many of their ideas clashed. The Cold War arose not from one isolated event, but from the different ideologies and interests between the Soviet Union and the west. Also the Russian government was seeking revenge on the United States because the United States did not enter the war effort soon enough and that caused for more Russian casualties. After WWII After WWII, Germany was divided into four zones and occupied by Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Berlin itself was occupied by the western powers; however, it was surrounded by the Soviet zone. Between 1947 and 1948 cooperation between these powers broke down. The west decided to create a separate government in their zones. To prevent this, the Soviet's increasingly harassed the western traffic to and from Berlin. Russia was trying to spread communism, abolish democracies, and spread poverty. Thus creating the Berlin Blockade, which forced America to create the Berlin Airlift. This created a greater controversy between the United States. This controversy's caused spies to enter into the opposition's country. Russia V.S. United States The most visible part of the cold war was the arms race. Massive and expensive militarization movements, especially nuclear weaponry on the part of both nations involved caused a new psychology to develop. The theory of total destruction of the other country was based on three ideas. One: both nations have enough weapons do destroy the other, two: both nations can detect a first strike before it arrives, and three: both nations are able to respond adequately before they are hit by the first strike.

Psy 240 the Nature-Nurture Issue Essay

The Nature-Nurture Issue The nature versus nurture perspectives have been have been argued for centuries. The pro-nature perspective follows the theory that genetics and biological inheritance determine behavior, internal forces or stimuli; the pro-nurture perspective follows the belief or theory that experience and environment determine behavior, external forces or external stimuli. The psychology field known as biopsychology researches the aspects of both perspectives using critical thinking and research practices to determine the effects of both of these perspectives on human behavior; the control groups used in experimentation can be human or non-human subjects of a similar species. (Pinel. (2009)). The flaw in attempting to determine what degree of behavior is attributed to nature and what degree is attributed to nurture is that both of these perspectives play a role in how and why a behavior is exhibited. Some of the behaviors which individuals exhibit can be linked to animal or primal instinct, these are behaviors based on nature; however, we must consider that the primal fears we have as children such as fear of the dark, often no longer exhibited in the individual as an adult. This change in the behavior can be attributed to experience over time, the nurture perspective agrees with experience’s influence in behavior. (Pinel. (2009)). The brain is the central focus of the study of biopsychology, and researchers have determined that the brain’s functions are responsible for human behavior; research has determined the neuroplasticity theory of the brain changing based on both genetics and experience. The neuroplasticity of the human brain can be used as an example of why it is important to consider how much of behavior is based on genetics and how much is based on environment; however, it would be difficult if not impossible to determine what portion of behavior is nature or nurture because both effect behavior based on the neuroplasticity theory There are genetic factors that can affect behavior; however, experience and nurturing can assist in controlling some behaviors based on learning or the xpectations set for an individual. This idea makes sense that both genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) play important roles in behavior, the behavior of an individual may change over the course of a lifetime. (Pinel. (2009)). Reference Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology. Boston, MA: Pearson.

Marketing Mix-4p’s Strategy of Nestlé Pure Life (Npl) Essay

Product Strategy 1. Product Positioning: Product is something that is offered to the market. Nestlà © Pure Life (NPL) product strategy studies show that they are positioning the product with respect to its attributes that NPL is safe, pure, refreshing and healthy water. 2. Product line expansion: Nestlà © also does product line expansion; recently it has offered a 0.25 liter bottle of NPL in the market. It’s also using the company name with its product name i.e. Nestlà © Pure Life. NPL round shape and elegance of the bottle are instantly recognizable. Quality is cornerstone of NPL success. Nestle people say: â€Å"Quality is our more successful product and it is key to our success today and tomorrow.† Pricing Strategy 1. Non-price competition: In Price strategy, Nestle has adopted the strategy of non-price competition. It is offering one price for NPL to all cities of Pakistan. It also keeps the check on distributors to maintain single price of NPL. It offers trade discounts to its distributors. 2. Cost Based Pricing: The cost of production, which stands at the base of all pricing strategy, is well reflected in Nestle Pure Life price. Its rather higher price relative to other bottled waters can be explained using the Pricing Strategies Matrix. Since the quality of Nestle Pure Life is very high both from the Company’s and the consumers’ perspective, the high price justifies itself. Place of Distribution Strategy 1. Intensive distribution strategy: Placement is the distribution of the product to its customers at right time, in right quantity, at right price and at right place. To ensure this, channel adopted by the Nestlà © for distribution of NPL is as follows: Producer Wholesaler Retailer Consumer NPL comes under the category of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), so for this the timely supply is very important that’s why Nestlà © is following intensive distribution strategy. Promotion Strategies 1. Sponsorship: The Company is actively involved in sponsorship of educational and sports activities. In particular, the company sponsors Youth Pakhtakor, a young football team, and the friendly meetings or competitions of that team. Furthermore, outdoor posters and banners, references in movies and articles have made tens of thousands of people subconsciously aware of Nestle Pure Life (and other Nestle products). 2. Public relations: For establishing public relations, Nestlà © distributes its newsletters, annual reports, calendars and diaries, lobbying, donation for charitable and civic events. For the victims of 8th October 2005 earthquake, Nestlà © has donated 90 trucks, which were containing different foods items, and NPL was one of them which are around Rs. 2 Billion. The Nestle organized its teams to distribute products to the affected areas and all employees contributed from top to bottom.

Book Cover Design Ultimate Guide for Making Memorable Book Covers

Book Cover Design Ultimate Guide for Making Memorable Book Covers Book Cover Design: Your Ultimate Guide for Memorable Book Covers Are you a Richard?Richard put hours upon hours into writing a book he was proud of. He had it edited, spent the time to have others beta read it, and was SO happy with the results.Butof all the many hours he spent on his book, on the proofing and even self-publishing it on Amazon, the cover design was not even a whole one of them.And thats where he failed.And thats what his low book sales were reflective of.You see, Richard knew the contents of the book were important. What he failed to realize, however, is that people do, in fact, judge a book by its cover.In reality, according to The Book Smuggler, 79% of people say book cover designs play a decisive role in their decision to purchase a book.So, are you a Richardor will you learn what it takes to design a book cover that will sell your book?Here are our tips for how to design a book cover:Cost of book cover designHow long it takes to design a book cover7 steps to design your own book cover7 steps to hire a professional book cover d esignerStarting your book todayNOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereHow much does it cost to design a book cover?On average, you can expect to spend anywhere from $50 $500 for a book cover design thats professionally crafted.There are always (worthwhile) expenses you incur when self-publishing your book. The total cost of your book cover design will vary based on a few key factors.These rates of a book cover design depend on the following criteria:cover designers experiencehow intricate your book cover isthe time it takes to designhow many options you want to choose fromthe cover designers expertise with cover designthe cover designers demand for workWhat you want to remember is that your books cover is its very first impression to the world. Investing in this is above almost anything else (aside from book editing). 79% of people voted yes when asked if book cover designs play a decisive role in their decision to purchase a bookhow much time did you spend on yours?Click To TweetHow long does it take to design a book cover?The length of time it takes to design a good book cover can vary from a few hours when making it yourself to a few weeks if you choose to hire a cover designer.Overall, we recommend our students allot roughly three weeks from initial touchpoint to self-publishing your book in order to ensure your cover is fully complete before launching your book.However, please keep in mind that if you hire someone to design your book cover, they may not have availability right away. Meaning, reach out a few months before you want to launch your book in order to hire someone.Design your own book coverIf youre not quite ready to put your book in the hands of a professional designer, we have methods to help you design your own book cover.#1 Develop book cover ideasWe all typically have a thought about what we want our book cov ers to look like. Sometimes we even save images to our phone of covers we really like or want to emulate.Your first step for designing your own book cover is compiling all these ideas into a single place.You can find book cover ideas in all of these places:Pinterest sign on to Pinterest and look up book covers to get a ton of brilliant covers all in one place. This is also a great place to create a board specifically to save book covers for future reference.Goodreads There are so many books on Goodreads for you to look at as covers inspiration. You can even simply add these to your to be read list in order to save them for reference as well.Google book cover ideas Others have already done the work for you! Just go to Google and type in book cover inspiration and click on the images tab to be greeted with tons of great options you can save. Or you can check out helpful blog posts like this one on the 100 most creative book cover ideas.Peruse Amazon in your books genre This is by far the best method for coming up with book cover ideas. Simply go to your books genre by navigating to books your genre subgenre and look at the typical covers of bestselling books, like in the image below.#2 Use free stock images for your book coverOnce you have an idea for your book, you may need to outsource the images by using free stock photo sites.We highly recommend stock photos (if you cant have professional ones taken) because they are readily available for use, unlike some you might find on Google and want to use.Here are a few places you can get free photos for your book cover:Stocksnap.ioBurstPexelsUnsplashï » ¿PixabayFoodiesFeedFreestocks.orgPicographyï » ¿If you do want to up your game with stock photos, you can purchase licenses for the images (meaning oftentimes, youre the only person who can use that image).Heres where you can find paid stock images:ShutterstockAdobe Stock PhotosGetty ImagesiStockStoryBlocksKate Max StockStock UnlimitedHaute Stock#3 Choose bo ok cover fontsFonts matter! Depending on your genre, the style of your book, and even the vibe or voice you want to convey, your book cover fonts can make a major difference in how potential readers view your book.For example, I used three different fonts to make up the covers in the images below. Depending on which font used, the title suddenly has a new meaning- and a new audience.You have to make sure youre using a font for your cover that coincides with its message, tone, and the audience youre trying to reach.#4 Find the right book cover dimensionsYou cant design a book cover all willy nilly. The right book cover dimensions are crucial.What are the proper book cover dimensions?This is often your call and depends on your book formatting, but the most common paperback book dimensions are 6 by 9 (15.24 x 22.86 cm).This doesnt mean you have to use this size, but this is the most common size for a paperback book, and is Amazons default book dimension option if you publish through them.Here are more book cover dimensions for the multiple platforms you may publish on:Publishing PlatformFile FormatBook Cover Size (suggested)Cover Size RequirementsAmazon KDPJPEG or TIFF- 2560 x 1600 pixels - Ratio of 1.6:1Between 1000 x 625 pixels AND 10000 x 10000 pixels. One side must be at least 1000 pixels long/wide.Barnes NobleJPG or PNG- Height and width of 1400 pixels minimum750 pixels minimum for height and widthApple iBooksJPG or PNG- 1400 x 1873 px - 1600 x 2400 px1400 pixels wide as a minimumDraft 2 DigitalJPEG- 1600 x 2400 pixelsTall rectangle of 1600 wide and 2400 pixels longKobo BooksJPG or PNG- 1600 x 2400 pixels1400 pixels wide as a minimum#5 Use free or paid cover design softwareNow its time to put everything youve created and gathered together and design your actual book cover.There are many different options to choose from, some of which dont cost you additional money, while others do.You dont have to be an expert designer to create a great cover, but you do have to use certain methods to make it look like your book cover was designed by an expert (and well cover professional book designs in a bit).Using different design softwares, much like writing softwares, allows you to upload your work in a way that provides you with a clean finished results.Here are our top free book cover designs softwares to use:CanvaAdobe SparkGraphic SpringsDIY Book CoversDesign WizardGIMPVenngage Book Cover MakerThese are design softwares that are more advanced, and therefore not free:Photoshop $9.99/monthsAdobe Illustrator $31.49/monthPic Monkey $7.99/month to $12.99/month#6 Create 3 different cover optionsInstead of creating one solid cover, make three very different cover options. You never know what your audience will find most appealing.When you only make one cover, youre limiting yourself to only one option, which might not be whats best to maintain high book sales.For that reason, we always recommend to our students to have at least three differen t book cover options available for them to narrow it down from.#7 Test your book cover options with an audienceYou cant possibly know what will resonate well with your audience. Sure, if youve done your book research on your specific genre, youll have a good idea, but thats not always a sure thing.Were often too close to our books to accurately determine whats best for it.This is why we have someone else edit it. Fresh eyes can make a major difference on deciding whats best.We recommend joining a group (for our students, its our Mastermind Facebook group) or sending your cover options out to a group of people in order to get feedback.Heres an example of one of our students posting their cover for feedback in our group:Hire a professional book cover designerSometimes you just have to leave the professional work to, well, the professionals.There are tons of advantages to using a professional book cover designer instead of doing it yourself:They can create custom designs, instead of u sing stock photosThey have inside knowledge about the book cover worldThey will almost always make something of higher qualityYou can trust that your cover will be good for its genreThere are many ways you can go about hiring a cover designer, one of which we discuss in the video below, but following our steps for working with a professional will help you come away with the best book cover you can. #1 Put together book cover inspirationMuch like we discussed in the section on creating your own book cover, there are so many ways to find cover designs you like.We mentioned perusing Pinterest, searching for book cover inspiration on Google, and even heading to your books genre on Amazon to find what covers are performing best.The main difference when working with a professional designer is that you should compile these ideas somewhere you can share with them.Ultimately, they will create a cover they know to be great for your book, but they also want to know your vision for the project as well.#2 Research popular book covers in your genreWe touched on this in the above section as well, but when looking for book cover ideas, spend some time to research whats populat in your genere.Your cover designer will likely have experience creating in your genre (if you chose one wisely, at least) and can help with this but giving them a starting point will help you get to the cover youve always wanted, faster.#3 Hire a book cover designer you likeFinding a cover designer can be tricky. Here are Self-Publishing School, we actually provide a Rolodex of talented book cover designers (as seen in the image below) in order to allow our students to cut down on expenses and time spent searching.That being said, there are many methods for finding cover designers.Here are the many places you can find book cover designers for hire:If youre a student of ours, the Rolodex featured above in your courseFiverrUpworkReedsy99 DesignsELP Publishing17 Studio Book DesignGoogle and research fre elance book cover designersBespoke Book CoversOnce you find a book cover designer you want to work with, the rest of this process continues.#4 Communicate your ideas about the book coverBe as clear with your design as you can about what you want and expect for your book cover.Remember, theyre not miracle workers, but if their experience is in line with what youre looking for, be very upfront about what you want.Share your book cover inspiration ideas with them in order to give them an idea of what to create for you.Another thing theyll ask is what your book is about. Give them the core elements, the style of it, and the tone you want it to have along with who your core audience is.#5 Ask for 1-3 optionsAt minimum, you should have 2 different cover options completed, though we highly recommend 3 in order to get a wider range of what you truly want.This allows you to find the cover that BEST suits what youre looking for.Like in the example from our very own team member, Michael Lach ances book, Land Your Dream Job, these cover design options should vary greatly from one another, and not just be different in their text or colors. Make this very clear to your designer- most offer 3-4 cover options within their packages already.#6 Test your book cover options with an audienceThe above image is an example of getting feedback of your cover design. Its always a good idea to run the final cover options through a feedback group in order to see what OTHER people resonate with.Sometimes your target market will like a book cover that isnt your favorite.While its completely up to you which cover to go with, remember to keep your audience in mind. After all, your book is for them, not for you.#7 Finalize your cover optionsThe final step for your book cover design is to finalize it! Work with yoru designer to choose your favorite design, finalize the color and font options, and thats it!We recommend hosting a book cover reveal as a way to stir up more anticipation for your novel before your book launch as well!Ready to start writing your bestselling book TODAY?Book covers are just a single, albeit important, part of the book publishing process.In order to do your book justice, check out our free training on how to write a bestselling book!

U.S. History - Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U.S. History - Reflection Paper - Essay Example While pursuing the course under consideration I came across a few things that were new to me. Britain first lost the War for Freedom in the minds and hearts of the people inhabiting the American colonies, before it lost it on the battlefields of America. Britain never tried to holistically and formally participate in the political issues that were of emotional, social, economic and cultural significance to the colonies. Whatever political influence Britain exercised on the colonies was pecuniary and ‘Britain centric’ in nature that included recognition of the Proclamation Line, posting of British garrisons and imposing arbitrary taxes. Had Britain been more sensitive and astute in its response, perhaps the American Revolution would have never taken place. The other thing that was new to me was the fact that the political and social figures that are oft revered in the American history were marked by immense contradictions in their personal choices and political beliefs. For example Thomas Jefferson is considered to be one of the greatest American Presidents who was publically opposed to slavery. Yet, it was amazing to find out after some research that due to a big personal debt, Jefferson owned slaves for his entire life. 2. One most important thing about the American history that surprised me pleasantly was the text of the Declaration of Independence and its moral and ethical ramifications. I personally feel that the Declaration of Independence is a document that is not only of timeless relevance to the American democracy, but the very ability of its drafters to envisage and formally consolidate the ideals and principles that were of universal appeal and importance, in an age when the means of communication and hence the possibility o f a global spread of ideas was very constrained, is amazing, surprising and pleasant indeed. The Declaration of Independence was indeed a worthy culmination of the liberal ideas enshrined in the Western philosophy and politics. Consider the words: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† The very ability of the drafters to come out with the idea of universal equality in those times is indeed astonishing and surprising. No doubt, at a very late stage, it was Lincoln who once more brought to fore the views and ideals of the Founding Fathers enshrined in the Declaration of Independence to start a war to end slavery, which was to change America forever. I found it really surprising that the Declaration of Independence is a document of recurring importance that is perhaps never going to lose its salubrious fr eshness and appeal in the times to come. 3. The things about the US history that surprised me unpleasantly or disappointed me were the treatment met to the Native Americans and blacks and the very fact that America harbored and exercised imperialist intentions and designs at some time in its history. These aspects of the US history were not only contrary to the American ethos and beliefs, but signified the tendency of a nation to resort to hypocrisy in the face of commercial advantages and interests. Though, the Founding Fathers promised a fair treatment to Native Americans, yet the practice of a specific race to resort to unchecked expansion in the Indian territories, encouraged by a belief in the inferiority of the Native races and culture sounded simply horrific and contradictory. The very same beliefs allowed the plantation holders to exploit the black slaves in an emotional and ethically callous pursuit for

Discussion questions for the week Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion questions for the week - Essay Example A type-II is a direct opposite where the researcher may totally miss out on a possible impacting result or hypothesis and eventually says that there were no critical results. The example of type II error is just the converse of previous example where the result turns out to be negative for a disease but actually the patient does possess it. Many of the time, these types of errors occur because of incorrect methods followed in a research, like incorrect number of sample data being tested etc. Because of the impact produced by these errors which sometimes may result catastrophically, there should be immense attention placed on such predictions to prevent both false positive and false negative results. (Type I and Type II errors, 2004) Statistical significance and practical significance are although based out of data, they have completely different interpretations. Statistical significance provides a relationship between data which may be significant statistically but does not count in as useful way, practically. However, practical significance, as the name indicates, provides a meaningful relationship between the data which may go on to help in identifying or stating a hypothesis. For example, if we consider the number of educated people in a state over a period of time and if it results in such a way that on mean, 60 people are educated out of 100 in one state and 61 people are educated out of 100 in another state. Statistically it provides a lot of difference between two sets of data but on the other hand, there is no significance associated with it practically. (McIntyre,